04320fam a2200421 a 4500 1589080 OSt 20140425160536.0 931104s1995 nyua b 001 0 eng 93044294 0465051545 (OCoLC)29429061 (OCoLC)ocm29429061 (NNC)1589080 DLC DLC NNC$dOrLoB OrLoB BF311 .H617 1994 153.4 20 Hofstadter, Douglas R., 1945- 26491 Fluid concepts and creative analogies : computer models of the fundamental mechanisms of thought / by Douglas R. Hofstadter and the Fluid Analogies Research Group. New York : Basic Books, 1995. 9403 ix, 518 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. [493]-501) and index. Prologue: The Why, the When, the Where, and the Who of This Book -- Ch. 1. To Seek Whence Cometh a Sequence / Douglas Hofstadter -- Preface 2: The Unconscious Juggling of Mental Objects -- Ch. 2. The Architecture of Jumbo / Douglas Hofstadter -- Preface 3: Arithmetical Play and Nondeterminism -- Ch. 3. Numbo: A Study in Cognition and Recognition / Daniel Defays -- Preface 4: The Ineradicable Eliza Effect and Its Dangers -- Ch. 4. High-level Perception, Representation, and Analogy: A Critique of Artificial-intelligence Methodology / David Chalmers, Robert French and Douglas Hofstadter -- Preface 5: Conceptual Halos and Slippability -- Ch. 5. The Copycat Project: A Model of Mental Fluidity and Analogy-making / Douglas Hofstadter and Melanie Mitchell -- Preface 6: Two Early AI Approaches to Analogy -- Ch. 6. Perspectives on Copycat: Comparisons with Recent Work / Melanie Mitchell and Douglas Hofstadter -- Preface 7: Retrieval of Old and Invention of New Analogies -- Ch. 7. Prolegomena to Any Future Metacat. Two ideas pervade the research. One is that the key question to answer is "What is a concept?" This means understanding how concepts overlap and trigger one another, how their fluid boundaries come about, how they give rise to generalizations and analogies, and so on. The second idea is that mental activity is fundamentally parallel, with many tiny agents independently carrying out small "subcognitive" acts and collectively building up coherent mental structures. Such agents lie far above the neural level, yet far below the conscious level; the hypothetical level of the brain at which they reside thus constitutes a largely uncharted substrate for thought. With these intuitions as guides, Hofstadter and the members of the Fluid Analogies Research Group have developed computer models that operate in small but extraordinarily challenging domains: playful anagram and number puzzles, analogy puzzles involving letter strings or tabletop objects, and fanciful alphabetic styles. These subtle ideas are spelled out with verve, charm, and clarity by Hofstadter and his co-workers in a series of chapters alternating with prefaces; the latter tie the projects together and give insight into their evolution. Readers of earlier works by Hofstadter will find this book a natural extension of his style and his ideas about creativity and analogy; in addition, psychologists, philosophers, and artificial-intelligence researchers will find in this elaborate web of ingenious ideas a deep and challenging new view of mind. Since 1977, Douglas R. Hofstadter and his graduate students at Indiana University and the University of Michigan have been developing computer models of discovery, creation, and analogical thought. What has emerged is a sophisticated and unorthodox vision of the mind in which perception, at an abstract level, is the key: perception of situations, of patterns, of patterns among patterns, even perception of one's perceptions. Fluid Concepts and Creative Analogies conveys this bold vision to a broad public as well as to cognitive scientists. Cognitive science. 26492 Analogy Computer simulation. 26493 Artificial intelligence. 26494 Fluid Analogies Research Group. 26495 TOC lcc BK 58944 58918 0 0 lcc 0 0 GEN CPL CPL GEN 2014-04-25 Donation 43.00 0 BF 311.H617 1994 R28939Y3232 2019-09-26 00:00:00 1 2014-04-25 BK